Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services% b$ @. \; B* a- L
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
+ i6 E* C" f0 N; i2 t, a) E9 K' Q' q! P8 Edocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
. D, Q- W6 l! O1 pundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
( A# p* x# [# M' ?1 b! Astages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
2 e5 [4 n0 e( y+ q8 Ethrough subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected - |1 t( l" ^2 ^* k
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
3 r1 U0 D& ?/ `+ g- U) v- D) \these services are: K+ X. C6 k% M6 U
# V" G" l$ v* `: T* Z0 U7 u; }课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
9 d: }" ^ D; h ~6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 0 P) L, Z5 D2 ^$ w; b
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
" A; M9 v0 O- ~. X9 Z = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
6 l( q1 U, K3 r) y6 n4 r* N1 X 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. 5 G' m- `0 H( s) [# \( b* @% H
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”* {8 s9 t; e; f: J5 H3 l5 T0 m ]
6.1.2 attend
3 A+ d1 R& d: R (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting ( v* M: ]" R. P; F5 p
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 7 s. i6 C; @% y: L' n
例如: attend to one’s work
0 z: D) i' g- g$ T- h (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to* p) P% i6 }8 j* ~: F% D/ ?, C
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to0 {4 B$ c5 f, \5 e: `
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities
) M6 X6 K; C1 z6 c (1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)+ D% |$ @) i' D. M
procedural 形容词, “程序上的”
, Y3 A. n ]* |/ X2 d+ G' g5 e8 ?: d# N procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” ) [6 `) X, H; u2 v) v
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
# {9 u( M( U' x' w documentary 形容词, “单证上的” # V, K, r: t, P, v
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, 2 K" Q6 {! o' A
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)7 c8 b% A+ C6 ?+ E) i/ o
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” + d( s/ X' ?* ^3 r: {. M/ f
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)" w3 `4 l' ` ~+ z/ A1 {* E
the customs formalities (海关手续)
+ q" t: f( N+ l& l# b1 h go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
5 [/ _( k0 _' j0 P" l1 j句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:& {3 x5 \0 s( q, `0 ]
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用. ; N- j/ D# g/ D* y% w* y; e6 B
我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
+ a4 `. v5 ]% L 繁杂手续的话…
, Y9 j: y1 _6 p: d- m" R6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
# s5 _& F n# p* W( H: _ ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement ; o5 F" s0 Q+ o7 v5 S0 b) K
of goods...
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* i6 n( o, K( V1 u 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
' W0 T# A1 s( c5 ` 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
1 {& p' J, g/ ~' E; p the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
+ a9 j! @9 |9 O2 m q 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
4 ]' G- C+ K; Q9 F 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:: C# S. a$ f) Z# B/ V; W: r& r
(1) process 名词. 4 n6 g6 N# i3 p1 l: q
process = series of operations deliberately unertaken) n& q V+ N) [: A7 u2 [% f
例如: distribution process
- g6 q5 U: }! l3 r' a6 N; i" C (2) process 动词.
0 v$ i6 X" [, c$ ?9 P6 h process = to prepare and examine in details$ S: q- f( F7 _2 A% |" L4 w4 {
例如: process the movement of goods" T2 j) I+ W$ D1 l, e
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
$ Z a$ X2 V* W" U ... through the various stages involved. ( I- O- y" L! z/ Q0 w. g! \
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
3 T* |/ i+ e t0 D$ B. W: X% B 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:4 V2 |3 {' M* n h6 {6 E' L, _: \/ G
(1) 使...陷入,拖累$ T j) p: _/ I5 z' R" U
(2) 包围,笼罩
0 A) {/ g, s8 ?. V6 W1 m (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
3 _9 z5 y! y6 ~7. 句子:
" z' g4 E+ p: t' s2 v The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 3 T7 f1 `4 t8 e9 K4 M0 o7 y2 h" n6 Y
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:! I8 Q: \& x, [
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
# u3 j' B# b/ B4 n 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.
0 Z; r+ m5 w8 C 前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
1 E* X# d- W& O2 n 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的( V/ u$ N$ H8 a2 [$ z
submarine (潜水艇)
7 V+ a+ o w1 m3 ^ subway(地铁)6 C" B9 v) @! {1 y" y( y" R
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
; Z7 a5 c3 @0 @ K1 l, s8 @ subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
8 ~( S& E6 Z; {: P: x 给第三者而签订的合同)
" R& W5 ?* i1 G& K subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者3 h$ B. \/ Q$ O `- S6 f* ?
subagent 副代理人. W+ O- C E5 s& I4 V5 l0 O
subcontinent 次大陆
) K5 W/ x& [1 R* d, T subsonic 亚音速
9 S6 T, v+ j) ~, l2 p+ s4 ^ subroutine 子程序
" g, R2 v0 f% G. n) }# K5 V 7.2 关于这个 through :6 P. _6 }( B# j0 E! d
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.% _! H8 ]% P; i- ]/ k
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
3 q: Y: `" [# M8 O; t0 ~& W "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)! }$ X- P4 r5 [+ v
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
8 P* J* f+ D, B+ S3 t: t 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, $ m. ?7 J# L# d$ O1 j
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)) @0 _) `6 }! I- L5 `
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
7 E' W# L' p1 I' I+ g3 d6 `& G2 z8. 句子:
% T& Z1 ~& o+ z+ e% I* J% K He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his . z1 D( `! O5 R d
overseas agents. 在句子中:/ d G! h7 X6 Y+ `! S
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
' _5 j l* t. @, B5 J4 Y7 f 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
0 x* o9 A6 U! [ 其形容词: utilizable 4 ^7 y1 l& M' b, \4 D' O
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
( ~! p" J/ T( ?$ W9 h3 H briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思
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