Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
/ s. l3 g/ D S& w& \. u Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and2 }! H b4 y; H) v
documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
C9 v$ k$ k Qundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various
- B. G! B$ M) E3 e* q7 g: @stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
k! P* ~6 V7 \* _through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
5 ]1 }: k/ {3 B% c- }to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, % m, I. S5 O, G0 X
these services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
1 I* E/ n2 v2 M4 D1 o* }6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 5 I( _2 | [, [$ G
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, … ' E- _: ~ q9 f* t+ y* W
= If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
+ U4 S+ V2 c. R" C 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
4 [9 \0 K' v: \1 v 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
. E- C) i5 v$ }1 T. ~: P 6.1.2 attend
- L- {! d' a9 g ]! F, P (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting ; O5 k/ m& k( A" c7 i; T
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” 2 w+ v0 D, K- k. T! n" @
例如: attend to one’s work
& w) p$ `" S( \1 x2 m; }$ _ (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to/ @0 r. f+ Q$ m$ n/ {
(4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to. {4 X6 V# x2 R8 K
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities" h8 Z& W3 G+ R
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续) e# m: e7 t7 O2 P9 H0 b8 W
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” 9 J* Q! b* A( O! o, F$ h
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
9 V1 {( B5 S, K! f6 F! p( _ (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)* M* n+ h" H0 u2 ~
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
3 g# \* j) T; w1 ]9 C- T8 { documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, ) f$ n- p: u$ n/ e s$ p5 L
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
2 g* R' Z/ g- ~8 D3 u2 Z1 A1 z$ h ~ document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” , Q* l: V5 H- o# d$ `
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)
7 W$ n3 B2 Q% m the customs formalities (海关手续)
- n+ [- G3 [! s- r go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
' o* o$ i( \! H- J2 u$ g8 @句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:* c9 s% F- z* M3 x& R
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
# `$ `$ F7 H ?9 U/ o9 g8 p" \ 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
p2 C/ d8 e; u$ O) H 繁杂手续的话…
. Y4 [6 ~: z+ ~' B6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
, Z! @, w7 N" W" Y ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement * o# P. [9 V5 t- S4 I3 ~
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构' a" s2 T5 Z7 S3 {$ Z
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调" {* W" h& k) O; R' v! S) g
the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
/ o8 }) x* a) t0 |- w: l* m) @ 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. ; X& }$ `9 q, R" l' k
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
8 p( m2 u4 L! i' L6 f (1) process 名词.
8 S6 t m0 v( C% u process = series of operations deliberately unertaken0 I/ w- h% k/ w' R$ F
例如: distribution process
/ s3 s; l; p# A( b7 I3 m (2) process 动词.
: C, q0 }9 `1 V! _ process = to prepare and examine in details
2 e: r% J: ^# G, M* t7 S& p8 o 例如: process the movement of goods3 t" J6 o) P) R8 S5 ?
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:7 G' ~) @3 ^4 ~
... through the various stages involved. - R" K! x- V4 f0 y, N
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
5 Q5 B+ ^& z% X 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
$ L# D; v. C# B: B# p (1) 使...陷入,拖累* a- U) }3 D/ w# r% A( {* O
(2) 包围,笼罩' S9 d, s; |4 \4 N- _
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思3 `+ T' r1 |' \: x4 l# {- G9 v0 e
7. 句子: 6 H3 L- j& a6 P; ?, c {/ y
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 8 r- L+ ~8 o; C; b7 `( c/ M% q5 D
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:4 j H7 `- C, Q. i+ c
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:# @% D+ r: n; U/ w
后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.9 ?0 A+ F; F5 y1 ?# ~3 [" ~3 [
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
$ f8 y6 e/ H/ [' {1 [, X 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
/ a; @/ c. y& A7 U' Q' y! v submarine (潜水艇)
/ Z# U5 i/ C$ C; ~8 a$ u2 B6 S# ? subway(地铁)9 g) h, T7 K; J0 _6 Z% N* j m, }* X
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
& j' u- S+ Z; w, x- G subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包& q3 z2 T7 T! T f$ a2 ~; F
给第三者而签订的合同)
7 b2 t9 X. q: ` subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
; B: X8 [ B7 S/ ^- X1 d6 y subagent 副代理人0 e, y& } g. t. T$ h
subcontinent 次大陆
" X* {5 V! d& J# g subsonic 亚音速
[5 k5 g9 \, ]" e6 u6 | q subroutine 子程序
5 A( X" ?: a! q 7.2 关于这个 through :8 @6 s% t, C* B/ W3 S
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.' A5 _+ G. r) O9 I
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
, h: d0 Y2 q( p+ d! h "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)) S4 s* n- ?. l2 X. L. R5 h$ u# O
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him., ~9 \5 E- m. M+ _$ m; }! p, C
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, ( I" c7 O8 ^& _6 ?' G0 N3 S
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)- P# V$ Q) O* z3 p. e2 O0 C$ y
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
7 G B3 N6 z' t" D: {8. 句子:
4 `' o. n+ {: ^+ X0 g+ ? He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
* }6 w! P7 Q p overseas agents. 在句子中:
5 j- c2 o3 T* j/ r/ k* p& } 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
" e P6 b! L6 n 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)4 o! b# Q4 _) O+ g) j. {
其形容词: utilizable
- a S* m$ c; g9 T9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:- H* {% M8 |! S; E; m, C/ m
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思* f8 c! ~3 O6 D: M5 C
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