Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services. U! }& `% ^6 u1 H6 a' E
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
0 Q# t( q2 J3 T0 p1 f/ a9 cdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who
% P( q1 T# l* z0 Gundertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various0 _; l* \4 N. b1 F; D0 o7 l: \
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or # p6 y. t/ F& n% S h
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
+ A5 a9 K! L9 Z7 l* Z8 P5 Cto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly,
( e( [" O! |! u! l0 kthese services are:- v% s- j, H2 [# L9 \: ?# Y
! o$ }1 T1 ]* c8 U" w) ~课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
+ T+ m: N; ~. j' c6 c6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: ! h& e8 b j7 u% a# f
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
% k: s8 ? g, b' |; L' G }% [. q( R = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
) J) C# x U9 Y. C$ u& j 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
- s. U& W) H6 w d3 h2 _5 c/ w 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”' a( | t* ~+ y
6.1.2 attend
( u/ ~0 p7 I% M2 n+ h (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting : w0 o/ Y; E8 s/ s2 V
(2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
# P% H( V# f W- \; M/ Y& l 例如: attend to one’s work 1 _% s" B+ U2 \ Q8 v8 R
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
' g2 T1 f3 f4 i (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to3 o! `3 Z( r+ t2 r
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities) s! y7 R, h; p8 [- O
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
% @# L# R! b) `# p) ] procedural 形容词, “程序上的” % z) a. Y4 @" a3 ^" z& f% R
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
4 x9 P5 h) [ q& H$ F& ` (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)7 n, {# E5 e% H6 F6 B7 l
documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
+ Z4 r+ d7 a8 T6 q! v# d" g, Y3 r documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
/ f x+ j* _5 d9 q' M+ ]( B( u 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
" F7 j: w5 d: l; \ document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
# L3 z, A: n: X. {2 ?: E (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)) Z4 ?7 U! F s- M) S4 f
the customs formalities (海关手续)
& O6 ?% S+ l( r" y6 x: _ go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
) e; y' Y. v, _) m4 L3 ~8 f句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
8 C5 I7 V O- z4 m 6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
" t* d4 u; Z' f/ N |+ Y 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些+ m( v1 n% v D) G( P8 Y
繁杂手续的话…. \" M$ A7 j% q* G, M: U$ |
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
! E/ T3 g+ d/ o$ n ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement
# i- a! ~0 C. g# q6 \ of goods...
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2 t/ P) `% K- a( O 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构
$ A) [0 y% F. I6 H% }9 Y; Y4 [9 k 所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
3 ?- o! Y S$ T8 z: ?' M+ B the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”! Q4 A5 |$ s4 W0 N
6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 0 {: q/ r) A( g
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:. r6 F8 e7 N$ V8 i4 s' i5 s
(1) process 名词.
+ s% @. A) }) O6 J6 m/ ? process = series of operations deliberately unertaken8 i0 B! T# o3 T A7 T! n
例如: distribution process3 J2 Q) |$ D6 \- v- J4 f
(2) process 动词.$ h& T/ o" ]4 [4 ?: k& y" R! f
process = to prepare and examine in details
9 u2 S! y. K* S( G& d! w 例如: process the movement of goods1 s9 {* s5 x: R6 m
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
9 K1 ~. L5 y" {' Z2 L ... through the various stages involved.
) V, E5 Y! ^2 y" t1 y 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action: C! n1 r" A* {5 v. Z
6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
; I) S+ o+ }" a% Y; }, `; W (1) 使...陷入,拖累; {5 s! m' }, u' ?. a9 I
(2) 包围,笼罩- B, R8 r% c" l$ L6 L9 D
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
, O0 G2 Y- M" j6 n5 q4 ~& T. o7. 句子:
5 z4 }0 D# s; [+ w# }. Q The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through 0 c; u3 R; I/ G5 F% R: J
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:8 b# D' i U+ l [4 D/ b, ~3 N
7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
# Q' N% ^6 m' v# ]% S 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.+ j3 {2 x2 k* f) U/ s
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思: V q; i* ]& e
有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
$ F! L' v+ g# I5 x! ?$ G$ b% C0 F submarine (潜水艇)9 u. {; k% o9 S: G; S
subway(地铁)
( e! C0 d. G; q% Z" m 有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的( A# j% k1 E. h- l9 Z$ W4 Y# l
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包7 k, ]/ b! W, Q8 a. s8 [
给第三者而签订的合同)9 j) t8 I6 H/ s% j1 e' O
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
4 B- m' v. x4 E( q9 p subagent 副代理人2 Y7 Z# ^* n- m) ^- t
subcontinent 次大陆
. y4 N$ l! C; p4 L+ _+ V, i0 l/ G subsonic 亚音速
?8 P8 G% V9 i. P) T% I; U subroutine 子程序 3 w- E7 |6 c3 |4 x! Z( A
7.2 关于这个 through :! ? O* K. T; P T! ^% D* P. F
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.6 c( K5 z+ t+ N# U
这个 through = from the beginning to the end of , J2 y; n' D% h4 H" d
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)
& T. J. k8 G2 a2 L: k5 d! H 本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.
$ M3 L, ]% @8 I, U+ g! d$ z 这个 through 是比较常见的用法, % R% L% m( Y, r8 X& v3 f
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)6 A# Y1 t3 `' _( ^( ]1 s7 r4 ]7 P
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
. |# E% Y/ u. ?) x/ s- w4 M8. 句子: ' k* H* H; Q2 b0 l
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
0 S1 @# Z* k4 l& Q/ h8 v' V, j! ^ overseas agents. 在句子中:! C# ^2 j1 e; l# V: Q
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
0 r+ c% p5 w) X0 T5 c! T- q 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
+ v8 e1 w! U$ N0 b8 L! J 其形容词: utilizable
9 G4 u7 g" j% o8 n, ]1 ^9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
3 }# I4 r& [6 C/ K& N) S9 S! g briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思: I' m6 T; W/ u4 c* p# t
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