Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services
. k# y! v8 m; h' c Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
2 |6 k) R/ @9 D8 }2 l% Sdocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who - Y# U9 F2 s: F
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various- [' s& Y, u" L i. S, G
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or
7 u0 i2 ?' c% ]/ ~% [through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected
, `( s- K) J1 S4 Gto utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, / _' ]4 E4 ^1 ~% t, c
these services are:6 u* G( I2 P' ]; y" S) j' N+ j# Q: v+ f
, s, ~! d3 u/ \课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.7 h0 f9 {3 B# F) T7 V; d9 J, C
6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成: 6 W- m4 v7 R! W9 x8 Y' p* K4 V
Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
: ]3 d1 y _" d9 R3 x# d = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …
0 z( l* v- f1 [/ | 6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型. : f0 D2 S9 @9 W3 B5 [3 E
因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”- @' @/ r0 Y% {' v
6.1.2 attend 7 }9 W' L/ z& q( [* m: W
(1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
9 k9 H8 f. {9 H1 R8 d (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注”
) R# B6 w& c: E0 N3 W/ n& u( f+ f 例如: attend to one’s work ; ]/ n# k' K8 v+ J
(3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
- N% D2 Z# K* z# u (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to0 O- U7 p; {" j! F# }. J
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities$ {3 O* }9 k- R! d' H% b ]3 J4 s) m6 ]
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)5 F% \# q/ J) p- O. t# _
procedural 形容词, “程序上的” : `. {* O& _1 \
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程”
' `& {; n* {7 ?: I* I (2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续); r, L: y: X' x5 |5 g. Q
documentary 形容词, “单证上的” : j) v) x2 F) |
documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多,
8 E# r8 z( |. P, M 例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)
( ], a7 G& y" ?" l/ S% P document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证”
, `* q, V% v8 s6 p) Y (3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)& v3 J. U2 @2 y* }
the customs formalities (海关手续)
* A( H) e% ]( B4 F M" `, w go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
9 l9 F) E5 s+ ^: [: v5 ~ d句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:2 @/ W/ d/ _5 c1 `) ^: s* w t
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
0 ?+ [5 n1 C' h( i 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些" u- f5 w9 H5 ~/ O# @
繁杂手续的话…/ h) Q/ Q( V, n7 v; [5 l( m+ ]
6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成: . c& @2 r+ N6 }! G& B* B% b: k
... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement # r" H& c3 g l: e) T" {7 E% u5 |1 x
of goods...
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6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构" l" t) s& ~* ]+ b
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
: `; T; b& q$ b% E# H- M the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
0 A5 h$ I8 {6 j4 m$ Q$ p 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth.
/ x k, o" X% u0 j$ Q$ E/ y% i4 y 6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:" p+ K' w K6 I
(1) process 名词.
& g* Q# W' t, r, o! h! | process = series of operations deliberately unertaken
% h/ j+ @/ n! e; M7 Y+ b6 J 例如: distribution process
. W* I7 `4 f5 X: d (2) process 动词.
' u, n( B8 z" W: J process = to prepare and examine in details
( o a2 Z8 n2 v" j% N2 q; F 例如: process the movement of goods3 B! a# [: ]: A( d7 c8 b
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:
% q d( S5 R1 Z5 Y' a- C ... through the various stages involved. ) F( }' I) L9 T( v
6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
# b; p; ^; P& w/ z 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:
1 W, p$ T& J% K) U+ k q- ^ (1) 使...陷入,拖累
- p/ t4 E4 Y7 }/ V) t8 a; m5 Z5 d (2) 包围,笼罩
) \+ R7 o+ p* \" [- m# W: \% s (3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思0 E* f0 E# s% k+ D
7. 句子:
1 W# O# k! V# R/ u# M | The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through
+ @0 e8 V: m" W+ I Q5 p subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
3 G7 G( V- v' p7 Q% l 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
) l) J/ U$ I" ~$ I 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.- }3 b+ Z2 j1 h% Y- i4 Y
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
# E9 |; R# L- T. y- k 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的
. r( i% ^# Z) Q' m4 w/ k/ | submarine (潜水艇)
4 q+ \% n; o( W4 h subway(地铁)# ]8 R t" C4 ?( n; x
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的: \" r7 Q7 f Q
subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
) o3 c% J1 z: {7 C( T" f 给第三者而签订的合同)
& _2 |# n4 Y$ u/ M0 e% U) g) L5 u# i subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者6 y& ?$ K% N' S( Z6 U1 `
subagent 副代理人
J* _. I* s3 Z, b9 ]; ?5 ~ subcontinent 次大陆
: \4 R! j3 V0 w1 F" \6 Q subsonic 亚音速" n$ \$ F: k2 M, X' l
subroutine 子程序
% ]7 A ~0 a* h/ O" R/ g 7.2 关于这个 through :* X7 p0 O3 `* T( W2 M
前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
( G& K; n; z0 K3 Z8 J 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of 9 ^0 E) ~* G$ ]) f* R" p9 @, T+ Z3 Y4 W
"自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)+ ]9 h3 @% S$ b' [5 |
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.! P% W E3 w- j1 `7 M% e
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, ( J' b3 s; b$ l z" U" u- P
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)6 @ {7 ~" w5 x2 S; g5 D/ W
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)
1 {# {3 f+ w3 ^1 e8. 句子: & _# K; k$ x9 ^2 e; O
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his ( ~! |4 H7 e. [, O1 F
overseas agents. 在句子中:( G/ \) U2 D2 T5 h% y
8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
! Z; `* f0 i% D, Q 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
4 q% s' y9 r0 ~- W. c$ M" S 其形容词: utilizable
1 e) T) U3 U) S" v2 ~+ N8 Q9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中:
9 G7 E z; _# z3 @6 h briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思, Q0 h' p4 h& J' \0 _
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