Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms! B5 y: a4 U1 Z0 Q
FOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)( u8 P! g8 g( Y/ [3 E* G$ h
“Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ) P; ?. n8 W9 H' V+ B
ship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means $ y# [: P' g2 c" [* L, t/ @8 B
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及, G- v6 f$ ?1 G& G
损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the 8 o5 A7 V9 e$ m* E% s( z
seller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used
: k) o3 F1 b2 c: bonly for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).0 \2 w+ S6 i) h8 x
10. 句子:
; J0 k; l0 I/ A1 } This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
* K2 ?, G X' d" U& B9 @4 E2 d2 x damage to the goods from that point. 句中:- O, N: B: _6 C5 s1 C( g% E. V
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.& e7 B# b" [5 t2 z S
10.2 from that point; ?2 }, H5 j s" X; Y
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
+ l% n$ F7 Z' T7 \; ?# W. Z port 港口" I7 P2 \: r; L1 y& g
place 地点
/ W1 p0 Z1 e- K$ j9 k/ ^ point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)8 {( Z1 {; Q! ~. n
premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”); `! n# d0 [$ N( [
说明: # q. Q2 e$ Q! E- V7 G4 ]/ Q* v4 Z
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分0 B, B+ F3 w0 l4 O& k1 a( A! H
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:( Y- B% | {7 M
在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他3 f1 V2 ~. k2 {- f; W
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的! H7 T7 p4 d% z' [% r3 k
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的! C0 X8 `. G' E7 D% u! k
具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通/ T- A2 `) P n5 J5 A
工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.$ I3 M8 K# b, M7 u
11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
- t; `9 ~/ }$ u3 P& d- f require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:; D3 {9 r0 I+ ^6 J# Y( `+ M
require sth (of sb), % U. C' g5 i l
require sb to do sth, ( g& y+ L( |1 X: P/ N/ `: ?# C
require that + 从句, 9 e. P, I% i- E
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:0 W' ]. Q9 S; |8 [
12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
B. k' N2 a$ B) ] (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside' T/ p6 X0 Y$ ?2 a8 i0 \0 a$ B' A
(2) inland 基本上有两个意思:
$ t% L2 S( C* w: z9 E$ e+ F* C2 o 内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)( L( j% K6 g0 b; C' p+ r0 x, n
国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易). |" f9 n- Z0 A
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路
2 x( |' T, ?7 ~" ]* J railway: 铁路,铁道
0 A6 e0 m3 n7 I4 G+ [2 @8 i+ C. D roadway: 车道! {& S. G2 q+ C1 K5 S9 s7 Q$ |
highway: 公路,大道
7 U# x9 R! ]$ k/ ?% g) f; N. j subway: 地铁,通道, V$ P/ r9 K! Z c2 J2 B" v
airway: 航线 , G G3 W8 X6 w6 \
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?: `9 k" ^& j4 J# L8 {( i
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