Unit 2: Incoterms 2000 - Six Major Trade Terms
% m* C0 W! t) ]1 _, o4 K& N" xFOB – FREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)
, Q6 f) R) V8 z! k8 ^! C5 r “Free on Board” means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the
2 j$ [. P: h4 }, J3 m# P* p. Hship’s rail (越过船舷) at the named port of shipment (指定装运港). This means 5 A8 H* n) O" ~8 l5 |
that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage (货物灭失及
' r7 [( W- s4 { J% W& B) r损坏的风险和费用) to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the
* M7 ?0 q" C- I. R* X% Yseller to clear the goods for export (办理货物出口清关). This term can be used / |( p9 G) T' l
only for sea or inland waterway transport (海洋或内河运输).: X1 N: Z8 |. y( Y1 F$ n
10. 句子:
, y! E1 ]/ I2 v0 ~( @- D9 w% D This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or
/ K& x1 u) k3 A- C- ^6 |, y damage to the goods from that point. 句中:) E, F* a+ Q2 r' Y
10.1 bear = to support (a load or weight): 承担, 负担.
5 h& ~' o, m1 j X 10.2 from that point( |* H+ G6 m( |- Q) v5 d
在教材的 p17 注释10中, 我们还发现有这样一些词:
; @# J5 F# C5 T0 g# y6 b" l* E& M port 港口
9 ?; z( O+ M0 K place 地点! k5 \3 w2 Y# L( d. J2 C3 L
point 点(INCOTERMS实指“具体地点”)
7 Y, {+ C* E0 A. Z3 o9 R premise 所在地(INCOTERMS实指“场所”)( ^5 R+ G* Y8 `1 U8 D
说明: ( N' f7 B+ T! y4 L) ?7 I$ F6 C
关于货物应当交付的地点,进出口商对货物交付时责任、费用、风险划分9 R# Q0 T \7 u$ m
等,《通则》使用了不同的表述:
6 J* J/ ?5 |) C" H* o 在仅适用海运和内河运输方式的术语时,使用“港口”名称,即 port;其他0 i7 G. } \" u
情况下的使用地点,即 place.尤其 FCA, 当有必要指明港口或地点内的1 w% k6 l8 P) d4 x8 U
某一“具体地点”时, 用 point, 而且卖方要提供交通工具.当交付货物的
$ |: x. A1 C$ ` 具体地点是卖方的所在地时, 用 premise. 此时,卖方无义务提供交通
2 P' f7 k! g3 J 工具, 但卖方有装载货物的义务.
]6 Y7 V, S. f! B! H7 h11. 句子: The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 7 D" g4 M8 D/ h, S `7 f6 @5 S# g
require = order, demand “要求,规定”, 正式用语,常用被动语态, 常用的搭配有:
( k9 D% P$ b2 R/ Z, f N require sth (of sb),
% a8 O+ e+ Q8 n2 W require sb to do sth,
e8 D* X# S$ S) E L require that + 从句, ( r- z! @; a+ p" N- t6 S! G
12. 句子: This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 句中:
: m0 F9 S f" ? 12.1 inland 由前缀“-in”加 land 构成, 其中:
3 G* r4 y; F6 o3 e0 p0 X, c (1) -in = in or into (内,入内,在内). 再举一例: inside
# n5 O* _% b7 [0 x, Q7 h0 e (2) inland 基本上有两个意思:( l' Q8 R+ y2 `/ v2 O8 X
内地的,内陆的. 例如: inland towns (内陆城市)
, b0 L9 c1 l4 z& @8 F+ j }9 j 国内的. 例如: inland trades (国内贸易)# f3 V4 P9 x( b% R: Z
12.2 waterway : 水路,航道,航路% L1 A7 Y4 h8 _8 ^
railway: 铁路,铁道3 c! c' P, _3 W$ Z
roadway: 车道
0 X' b/ H2 E+ Q; ^% x( z' E highway: 公路,大道. X3 T. O4 I' n5 b! R* k# w
subway: 地铁,通道
: m$ r6 B& [6 ~ airway: 航线 / h5 V) Q) q3 Q3 c
从这些词中我们是不是发现一些规律了呢?
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