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Unit 4: International Cargo Transportation Insurance f' N4 u1 e! h0 M% }
1. 标题: what is cargo insurance 我们要了解一些基本词汇和其用法:
) T- C; g$ q8 ^. ]- w# S; q 1.1 insurer “保险人,承保人” (保险公司)
2 k4 E% L3 A. h+ ~ Y6 I4 z8 l; e 1.2 the insured “被保险人,投保人”, 注意:前面有 the, (买方或卖方), w% _" ?0 i4 r& }3 i( N s0 t
1.3 insure “投保,给…保险”, 动词6 ~0 S% B. `' ~' l8 N* z0 F
例如: We generally insure WPA on CIF sales.
0 G1 T/ F6 H3 ] ` 译文: 按 CIF 价出售的货物,我们一般投保水渍险.9 d0 B7 @) p y9 r# V$ Q9 w# Z" {
注意: 注意介词的搭配 on CIF sales
; {0 p1 Y' H2 N" o% s$ l( Y 再如: We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the ' J" ?6 J( `2 A' \& Q
invoice cost.
6 J8 `( | x4 e; Y, k3 Q 译文: 我们已按发票金额的110% 投保水渍险及战争险.4 _5 B, V* e: ~$ ]8 y
注意: “发票金额的110% ”有三种常见说法,务必记熟:& g# H$ _/ S% {5 C
(1) 110% of the invoice cost 或 110% of the invoice amount 或
# z! @5 w5 c5 J, C( P 110% of the invoice value
1 M- O4 h+ F+ f0 W$ i (2) the invoice cost / amount / value plus 10%
( k8 x0 T4 m, _ (3) 10% over / beyond the invoice cost
" ~% A7 r/ s: h' L 1.4 insurance “保险”,名词
0 G0 G/ h/ ?6 ]7 _% Y 例如: We have covered the insurance on tablecloths against & Z3 x" g: f: w4 ~
All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with PICC.1 D' I! [, X& k& q4 Q8 F2 ]
译文: 我们已对台布按发票金额的110% 向中国人民保险公司投保一切险.
2 M2 C7 j/ u( F' O% X2 l 注意1: 记熟这个结构: cover … on … against … for … with …1 {* t& w- x- r% n. T+ k
注意2: 与动词的常见搭配: make insurance 或 effect insurance,
( D4 @1 c% |. P- ] 解释“投保”$ m# q' w* ~8 l ~' h
例如: We will effect insurance against All Risks.
$ O/ T$ L$ Q2 T* M1 y 注意3: 其他词汇9 d) }4 t7 ], R7 F& R. q% u
(1) insurance fund 保险基金5 a0 V6 g" O8 v X) D
(2) insurance company 保险公司$ `3 N! m6 z& s6 J
(3) insurance contract 保险合同* S7 V* C1 ^: h
(4) insurance clauses 保险条款
3 Q) L7 V- o$ y* e+ }& [. t (5) insurance period 保险期限
1 {0 y( f0 n) E" y% I$ n% i3 R% q( } (6) insurance agent 保险代理人
% ~+ c7 u; ^ @ (7) insurance broker 保险经纪人0 {! _# T/ ]) E2 t8 M
(8) insurance policy 保险单,俗称大保单,是一种正式的保险合同
0 |' q- q' u: P' S) ~ (9) insurance certificate 保险凭条,俗称小保单,是一种简化的保险合同
2 R" p2 h# G: d' u) m8 q% o (10) insurance amount 保险金额6 h- X3 J2 n0 P+ H& s
(11) insurance premium 保险费, y, J6 p5 O/ X7 D( z
(12) full insurance 足额保险1 \- N0 _( [$ a# R. h& h: a
(13) marine insurance 海上保险
' S4 }2 b `$ o9 f (14) cargo insurance 货物保险
9 j$ g- S8 K6 o) b9 ]# O2 J$ ~3 N 1.5 policy “保险单, 保单”(保险业专门术语,同 insurance policy)& B9 H1 C- L0 U! L
(1) validity of policy 保险单的有效期
0 |2 \* O9 Z; _0 v" ~+ w4 u7 D (2) valued policy 定值保险单
3 a% w4 }6 ^; L5 m( b: J (3) voyage policy 航次保险单; C& I) x& T8 V9 n" J
1.6 premium “保险费, 保费” (保险业专门术语, 同 insurance premium)% q5 a4 j3 {; ^+ O& _
(1) rate of premium 保险费率" P# B# M7 Z. D( {
(2) returns of premium 保险退费
' n! ~) Q1 F# w9 p, R( } 1.7 coverage “保险范围,保险项目(险别)”2 V( o6 V3 p5 v
例如: We will arrange coverage on your behalf. (代替你方投保)
; T" `/ n7 H: U% {( B 例如: The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us. 3 |# @7 }( f6 D9 }
(损失不在我们承保范围内), V/ b) A& A: w; d: Z7 u
2. 句子: Insurance is essentially a contract between two parties, namely
" v$ X% p, K9 P \! A the insurer and the insured.句中:+ W+ w% z* Z1 S. d9 @5 R
2.1 essentially = necessarily “必要地” 副词' K, g% l- B, M* \- p5 l) i
副词的位置: 副词应尽量放在靠近它所修饰的词.方式副词的位置在句中大体有# U) K2 G3 k/ ~2 ~* _$ h% i( t
以下几种情况:" J0 ]% h: w- h3 V' m
(1) 修饰形容词或其他副词时,副词通常放在它们的前面, enough 例外
3 }% F5 D! a4 `4 c* t' _ 例如: The book is rather difficult for beginners.
8 U0 L- c$ z% `+ \ 例如: He speaks Chinese very fluently.
" B& }& l4 K# G1 Q$ _5 h (2) 修饰动词时,副词通常放在该动词或动宾结构的后面." H, q3 Z# s% h/ Q
例如: Eve left the room quietly.6 \( i+ p% @0 P" p
(3) 修饰整个句子时,副词放在句子前, 常常用逗号分开.7 E2 w a6 x# Q# r1 Z8 `5 t& Q
例如: Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent.
6 y0 S1 M/ W. w* y$ Q (4) 表示确定性程度的副词,如: certainly, obviously, definitely, clearly 等,. g3 `0 t- Y+ Y8 W: t+ |
如果动词是 be 动词,可以放于 be 动词之后, 这些词也可以放于句首) G; v& n: [! e- }" d7 v V. M# M
或句尾, 注意后两者位于句首的情况比较少见.
' d; A" K2 N7 R! F; S 课文中的例子属于第四种情况.
7 p, N* K7 q/ A& R3 x2 {( c9 C 2.2 namely = that is 解释“即,就是”' R* r: H7 }' }2 O2 d
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3. 句子:
/ `5 |: ^: S: R: B$ u* S The insurer agrees to meet the financial consequence of certain events, $ ~/ h2 ]' k7 s! K
within specified limits, that could befall the other party.
6 X. y+ U; K! r; ] 3.1 meet the financial consequence of certain events
1 B$ k- p9 {/ j- ^ meet: 在商务范围里,常见的解释有:, m# r5 Z/ t$ |
(1) 负担 (责任,费用)
2 C+ ^0 p; J# A% F0 b r% l 例如: We would like to meet all expenses in connection with the
% o3 S. t8 j6 t3 A& ] m2 H return of the goods.
3 u; f( W7 V+ u! h0 E 译文: 我们愿意承担退回该批货物的一切费用.
& w! q+ S y6 I/ A (2) 满足 (需要)
) S) s5 R Y3 D" T2 l& C1 S2 o T 例如: The manufacturers find it impossible to meet the current
( ^7 R* y R' A! E% w demand / your request for this type.
* y. W5 K- b% |) p& w! ]. v& ?( h 注意: 横杠的字是经常可能会出现的字词.
( _0 m8 X: \+ ]6 W: L4 M 3.2 consequence 后果
0 K4 U( `# R5 m# W$ o4 Q) J+ X 3.3 certain 某个,某种.4 {7 P: {( [) X. B# L
例如: for a certain reason (为了某种理由). D/ Q* h7 _- o& V! y# i& E
例如: on certain conditions (附带某种条件)
5 L& O$ }/ y9 O2 E5 E& K1 X$ m 3.4 within specified limits 在规定的范围内/ V9 G+ ~1 g8 a0 q: ]' B6 I+ n# N
3.5 befall = happen 遭遇,发生(尤其是指不幸的事情)- u. }- B' D- S" X" W
3.6 本句的主旨是:“保险人承保货物保险以后,对于被保险货物在运输过程中! z8 R, a, i& Z; `
发生的承保范围内的损失给予投保人一定的经济补偿.” 0 H8 v+ n5 G5 c& I9 O' D) C
字面的意思是:保险公司同意承担发生某些事件的经济后果, 只要这些事件
: a6 N) c: p1 p! {* G 是在规定的范围之列, 而这些损失则发生在买方或卖方身上. 这和后文的0 l8 @& X9 Z" L
保险公司要收取保费, 买方或卖方同意支付保费成立了因果关联.
5 f8 T) B6 ^1 V7 K+ W8 E4. 句子:
* w- l3 K6 f) M. i D+ r9 i. a The insured agrees to pay the premium, in order to secure the financial
7 ?1 H1 T* }% T9 k% p I5 d assistance of the insurer for the risks specified in the contract.句中:
4 t6 r% u% h, e5 B secure = succeed in getting sth. (经过一番努力以后)获得,取得
3 Q+ F, f C* \. g8 t* `
& J* r# i( {1 d. u7 k% ^' H4 \ 进出口商甘愿支付保费的目的是:获得保险公司的经济援助, 保险公司根据合同中& z( D" M3 ]6 @) M2 R
约定的具体风险的划分标准, 给予投保人一方补偿.
$ k0 ]7 e9 @: U5 Z5. 句子: / ] g5 ^0 U7 |8 B, p5 [
It is essentially a contract between an insurance company or an insurance 0 b0 n. @% R8 z- j2 T
broker and the owner of cargo or a representative acting on behalf of the
/ t9 t) A* }3 B C+ t. [ owner.
- U) t0 E* m" ], M9 V 我们把句子细拆就明白了:0 G- A+ K: H7 S9 [ R0 P4 d
(1) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and the 1 e7 b# _, T* x
owner of cargo. " ` \' g2 @8 i
保险公司和货主之间订立的保险合同.
5 Q8 a( `/ j1 m: J (2) It is essentially a contract between an insurance company and a
# E; w6 o; g! Q9 z) F6 h/ e5 F representative acting on behalf of the owner. 6 q# o! F) D% B6 X% \
保险公司和货代之间订立的保险合同.$ ^; A, y Y) J# v2 _) S
(3) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and the
: H# |( B( H! \& _7 B owner of cargo.
! f8 a" j' M1 ]9 ?& q" i/ C% S' j6 N 保险经纪人和货主之间订立的保险合同.
+ C5 n# }# K7 b: [% ]# _. k" L2 h- |( { (4) It is essentially a contract between an insurance broker and a
' I7 z+ r; N% I representative acting on behalf of the owner. . K" @# g) J8 S0 r" a
保险经纪人和货代之间订立的保险合同./ B! j7 j5 C7 e( K0 h
6. 句子:
2 h2 A0 r& r1 O+ k In view of commercial risks faced by the cargo owner, it is prudent to
. _/ z$ R4 |9 `! u3 v2 x# S$ N insure the cargo in transit.
/ b! L( X. y7 i, f g+ t; Y 6.1 in view of 鉴于,由于 前半句的意思是: 鉴于货主面所将临到的种种商业风险,…$ I, H2 y$ E" D. v* z
6.2 prudent = careful 审慎的,三思而后行的: d c: ?5 Q# z4 w& t5 L7 g# P: ^
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7. 句子:4 F( j; q' B8 k
It also follows that it becomes an important duty for a responsible w1 u% w% @+ q6 I+ N
and efficient freight forwarder to advise his clients to insure their cargo
' J4 A3 z& i% v7 R) ^. I* R2 C or to check with them if he has no such instructions or information - C2 ^: a* x1 x/ y0 T
when he is handling goods. 4 \3 S+ r8 J& i9 E7 u' h( `
这是一句形式宾语的句子,所以,理解的关键在宾语上,我们把宾语简化成:
+ E2 `6 P3 B f; j it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.6 Z+ s. ?) v0 {; _" v r) \
或者
) J/ i7 t, P& h( N6 e2 G it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such , i' b ~5 I- u) e+ s
instructions or information when he is handling goods.
; E6 y) y4 d4 Q; n: q: U$ G 7.1
2 y4 q3 l) J7 l" l( l. K T it becomes an important duty to advise his clients to insure their cargo.
6 O5 C w; L3 q, v' A. U& d5 P- g = To advise his clients to insure their cargo becomes an important duty.
/ q# g" J$ E% Y' ]5 Q
( j+ O/ B8 E9 J2 y+ y 意思是:通知他的客户(client)替他们的货物投保是一件很重要的职责.
0 Q! I& d: \ i# N# k 我们再补上for a responsible and efficient freight forwarder 一段,
- t+ k. j- |; Z& d 主语就出来了,即: H' f, m8 B: ^% X } C0 j+ z
对于一个能干的(efficient)并有责任心的(responsible)货运代理来说,…,
4 }* `5 J, g+ x+ w' X 同理,
5 { y" t) k1 T+ X, p 7.2 3 U- F7 k. F2 ^6 d/ G
it becomes an important duty to check with them if he has no such
" s- i) a' p; u6 b! H instructions or information when he is handling goods.
! X- i: Q3 X. u* ?. i = To check with them if he has no such instructions or information 2 H% u/ Z3 G+ v" A9 U
when he is handling goods becomes an important duty.7 S$ C" R, c9 w
意思是:当处理货物的时候,如果没有收到客户投保的任何指示或消息的时候,1 ~/ V. J+ m- }0 s( Z- w
要及时告诉客户并与之核对情况./ c$ p! g4 E2 X p6 a
(1) check with them = check with his clients 与…核对
+ e0 g" [0 v- h* w% F3 _: z$ L (2) handle的解释通常有:
, g' F% B: T8 M3 f4 e0 H: H ① 处理,管理: He is handling this problem.5 w9 {) Z9 t B
② 买卖,经营: We handle spare parts for motor cars.
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