Unit 1: Scope of Freight Forwarding Services3 T: W9 p( o4 I0 [* Q
Unless the consignor(发货人), the person sending goods, or the consignee(收货人), the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and
! Z' u& c$ X8 Edocumentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who . _& B$ O% D/ s/ f) ]3 p! Z
undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various+ t- B% \! c0 a) h
stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or 2 [# S8 c% Q" @3 t
through subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected 0 ^. [ E4 X: v4 u2 m
to utilize, in this connection, the services of his overseas agents. Briefly, 2 N7 I" n, L( x# J' G/ U1 _% y9 o
these services are:
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课文第三自然段, 以后不再出现课文内容.
& |; U8 e% J' u! W V6 z6 N" T6.1 unless 一句我们可以先简化成:
. ~0 x8 ^% }2 l Unless the consignor wants to attend to formalities himself, …
) T- d: Z2 F/ M; H = If the consignor does not attend to formalities himself, …4 u3 i4 L7 C( D C
6.1.1 只有当unless 解释成 “ 如果不 ” 的时候, 它才可以和 if not 互换句型.
0 L0 u4 W P1 K9 b8 B" S# l 因此, 我们不能随随便便地把 unless 翻译成 “除非” 或者 “如果不”
4 c2 e3 ?# l. C& q+ p* ` 6.1.2 attend
; |1 {2 U4 @2 D" n4 o A1 Y3 G" N (1) 及物动词. 解释 “出席, 参加” 例如: attend a meeting
3 f9 b" t3 a. E (2) 不及物动词, 介词的固定搭配往往是 to. 解释 “注意, 专心, 专注” # T/ G2 D6 }, l$ K8 v$ W
例如: attend to one’s work
7 v9 ? v1 @6 W+ y) ~9 D- ` (3) 其名词形式. attention 例如: pay attention to
2 W3 F0 h/ a' F* V( I (4) 其形容词形式. attentive 介词的搭配还是 to, k4 v" ~' j+ q" Y; U; `0 p. ^
6.1.3 the procedural and documentary formalities6 W4 h. C" b$ u \; d* w/ s0 n9 H6 N
(1) the procedural formalities (程序上的手续)
/ \- {) m/ T( g' ` procedural 形容词, “程序上的” * Q. L1 t" a' d. C, ~
procedure 名词, “程序,步骤,过程” / U; l4 n7 ` K
(2) the documentary formalities (单证上的手续)
. ?; |& `, ]( b3 f documentary 形容词, “单证上的”
- d, z. l" W. N, T& z9 a* N! L documentary 一词在金融、贸易领域用得比较多, @- o/ O- ~) `
例如: documentary draft (跟单汇票)9 q) G% d8 Q# l$ p/ U. E2 `, v2 D
document 名词或动词, “单证, 为......提供单证” # U9 o. q( s( k. L
(3) formality (正式的手续, 通常用名词的复数形式表示)% v% k8 \+ ]: I0 P" p
the customs formalities (海关手续)
1 T! Y+ B' m t% b! a# N4 d3 J go through due formalities (经过正式手续)
2 r3 a$ m1 D( v# D句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:9 {7 v/ }( j. K- V: n
6.1.4 句末的himself 解释 “亲自”, 有强调主语或突出主语行为的作用.
4 X0 q" O0 m* ~: A) ` 我们可以这样理解: 如果发货人或收货人不想自己亲自去办理那些
! ^- t; a2 h$ \" l7 I" @6 G6 v: ]9 B 繁杂手续的话…
8 V& m4 R0 e9 Q8 O, H1 M* s7 J0 p6.2 it is ...... 一句我们可以先简化成:
; l$ ~# N# L5 B* A6 s$ r ... it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement 4 ? Y, E5 w1 Y4 H
of goods...
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+ j! z! ~) B) h* Y3 h 6.2.1 it + be + 被强调成分 + that / who ...是强调结构7 u" |3 ?! l2 ]8 ?5 d9 S4 t
所谓强调结构就是句子当中要特别强调 "被强调成分", 这里特别强调
: a, H9 x5 S- E8 p the freight forwarder, 字面翻译也往往加上 “正是,就是”
' b" l+ W) n* O 6.2.2 undertake to do sth. = agree to do sth. = promise sb sth. 0 L Y7 W8 R7 n
6.2.3 process 这里,我们和这个 process 打交道不是头一回了:
7 v |) ]0 \7 T8 L/ y; n0 y (1) process 名词.
( [. B8 H L# m" C4 z1 s& T* j process = series of operations deliberately unertaken" G8 q% s5 D9 {# _
例如: distribution process3 A( R: i6 g. ~* k
(2) process 动词.0 L: O% C) l5 d2 o& p
process = to prepare and examine in details M; R+ k7 K8 a6 ^* m& \/ E+ @
例如: process the movement of goods1 M0 L% l5 |) e: Q3 E4 |; f/ p$ j" Y
句子中其他需要解释的地方还有:2 B8 n0 {) S- ?: Y$ k! l) Q
... through the various stages involved.
) C0 f2 L' t. M( | 6.2.4 the various stages = a different period / part in a course of action
$ m" m% G8 r6 \# o# M 6.2.5 involve 在做动词时有许多解释:2 P' m: h8 H" i9 o8 p
(1) 使...陷入,拖累
! V) W1 p! v6 R3 z8 M (2) 包围,笼罩4 P6 d8 p+ K7 q/ ] _$ D. h
(3) 包括,包含,含有: 我以为第三个含义比较符合课文中的意思
/ Q# T1 t! V" r5 {; w1 h7. 句子: # Y7 B* ~$ q7 Y3 u
The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through # m! j/ v- @& Z, f: Q7 w5 S5 u' g
subcontractors or other agencies employed by him. 在句子中:
" Q, H" l0 [+ t# X: r! u( U 7.1 我们知道 contract 是合同的意思, 其:
3 T& M7 {( p% o9 T 后缀 -or : 执行或做出...的人或物, contractor 是指订约人或承包人.- h/ t9 g) s; t
前缀 sub- : sub- 也有很多意思
) Q1 j- }% |# x5 ^; Z/ G 有"under" 的意思, 我们最熟悉的% [; ]. v8 { o& g
submarine (潜水艇)
8 @! \; d4 L8 S, U subway(地铁)* X6 X/ X; D0 {& |" p2 R, p: f
有附属的、次要、分、支的意思, 如课文中的
2 Z4 ]- o7 [+ T6 J* C% E% T subcontract 分包合同, 转包合同(把承包的工作一部分或全部转包
( J# _' z5 O# l6 A8 R+ V/ [ 给第三者而签订的合同), w! B3 `+ ^/ ^9 M8 x! L
subcontractor 承约人,转包商,次承包者
# X) x) w: h; ?/ B; W. p subagent 副代理人
9 u5 v/ J& }! F. ~5 K0 i0 X subcontinent 次大陆 0 o* M: |5 V4 r) m/ c6 s. }
subsonic 亚音速
8 h T( J6 d8 o4 j3 V# }: v subroutine 子程序 - A' h+ ?4 d5 r$ l3 Q
7.2 关于这个 through :
. {( @) M: Y- j; A" V8 r3 I& B 前句中: ... through the various stages involved.
' [- G# t( ^+ T2 R, \) W 这个 through = from the beginning to the end of
, _ `; Y+ {; w3 L "自始至终"的意味浓烈 (尤指时间、过程)4 ]! }) W6 W* J4 [0 f
本句中: ... through subcontractors or other agencies empolyed by him.4 ]6 M/ E( k) n; Z
这个 through 是比较常见的用法, 2 p# v, }. D& D
through = by means of / by way of (指方法、手段)- }' I8 |$ F, H$ @/ k
through = as a result of, because of (指原因、理由)$ [" V3 b7 L3 ~; g
8. 句子: % \& I! v G0 {
He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, the services of his
( |4 i; g2 S. R( c% F2 ?1 i- H7 V overseas agents. 在句子中:
; p& X5 q1 X; e 8.1 utilize = make use of, find a use for 动词
3 y/ l) W0 {2 n/ l9 D* t+ i 其名词有两个: utility (实用,效用) utilization (利用)
: S& j) l$ p3 D/ K 其形容词: utilizable % J6 q3 k8 D2 v3 x" w& U1 \
9. 句子: Briefly, these services are: 在句子中: f. z# A6 m: l
briefly = shortly, in a few words 是 "简略地说,简概地说" 的意思( B* W3 B9 v0 b) \
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